Origin Name
In June 1858 (after the end of the Second Opium War), successive Qing governments signed the "Tianjin Treaty" with the United States, Britain, and France, and the agreement stipulated the opening of ten other trading ports including Chaozhou Prefecture. Sha Shantou County in Chenghai County (later changed its name to Shantou and changed the word "Chaozhou" at the Promised Harbor) was selected. At that time, Shantou was unknown and was less than a square kilometer in area. However, the Shantou Beitong Strait (Taiwan Strait), which is close to the South China Sea and hugs the mouth of the Chaoshan-Sanjiang River, has a very important geographical location and excellent natural conditions. It has replaced the status of Zhanglin Port and became the central port of Chaozhou Prefecture. Until 9 December Xianfeng nine years (1 January 1860), the Chaozhou government opened the market to the United States on schedule, and established "Chaoguan" on Mamen Island, Shanmen Port. Immediately Engels mentioned that "Shantou is the only city of commercial character in the Far East". (Before the opening of Shantou Port in Chaozhou, there were five ports such as Guangzhou, so Shantou Port was the only port with commercial value.), It can be seen that the status of Shantou Port can be compared to Guangzhou Port. In the early twentieth century, Shantou Port gradually became an important coastal city under Chaozhou's rule, its industrial and commercial prosperity has emerged as a new port connecting Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Shanghai and overseas. In 1904, Zhang Yunan, someone from Songkou, Meixian County, took advantage of the enormous development potential and founded Chaoshan Railway Co., Ltd. to build a railroad line from Chaozhou Prefecture to Shantou Port. In 1906, the Chaoshan Railway was built, and at the same time, the "Chaoshan" locomotive was equipped and opened to traffic. As a result, the word "Chaoshan" began to spread.
On May 22, 1907, the Ding Wei Huanggang Rebellion broke out, led by Lord Zhongshan himself to overthrow the dynasty. Collusion collusion collusion collusion collusion collusion collusion collusion collusion party ", inciting the Huanggang Rebellion. The name" Chaoshan "was seen in newspapers and has been widely known ever since.
After the founding of the Republic of China, the guardian of Chaomei City was established under the Dudu Government of Guangdong, whose center is located in Shantou, the outline of the center of Shantou City, East Guangdong.
Shantou was founded in 1921, and the town hall directly under the province was established. Shantou is another shining point after Chaozhou Prefecture in eastern Guangdong. And during the First World War, it became the third largest port city in the country and one of the ten largest commercial cities in the country. This position was subsequently consolidated in the Golden Decade of the Republic of China (1928-1938). Since the formation of the glorious pattern, people have become accustomed to the titles of Chaoshan Plains, Chaoshan People, Chaoshan Dialect and so on. However, due to the influence of the international situation before World War II and before China's reform and openness, relations between the Chaozhou people at home and abroad were once blocked, and there was a lack of information exchange between each other. "Change" Chaoshan ".
Chaoshan Residence
Administrative Changes
Chaoshan is the land of Minyue. Since the Qin and Han dynasties, Minyue separated to weaken Minyue. Chaoshan was assigned to the jurisdiction of South Vietnam. The Geography of the Northern Song Dynasty, "Guangjiji", lists Chaozhou as Mindy. The official classic of the Ming Dynasty, "Yongle Dadian • Fengxing Xingsheng": "Chaozhou Prefecture is under Guang, and this is actually the land of Fujian. The taste of the language is very similar to that of the four provinces under Fujian. Most of them cannot be translated, but Huizhi Haifeng is close to Chao, and his voice is not the same. Between Chao and Mei, his voice habits are similar to Meiyang's. "
The timing of each Chaoshan district was Minyue land. Since the Qin and Han dynasties, to weaken Minyue and split Minyue, the Chaoshan area was assigned to South Vietnam.
Thirty-three years of Qin Shihuang - in 214 BC, the Qin Dynasty established Jieyang Shu, under the jurisdiction of Nanhai County;
In its first 111 years, the Han Dynasty established Jieyang County in Nanhai County;
In 331, Jieyang was abolished, and Haiyang and Chaoyang were founded and belonged to the Dongguan County;
In 413, the Jin Dynasty began establishing Yi'an County;
In 523, Raoping County and Nan'ao County were returned to Fujian.
Ten years after the emperor was founded, in 590, the Sui dynasty established counties in the state, and the following year, Chaozhou was founded in Yi'an County.
In the twelfth year of the Emperor Sui Dynasty (AD 592), he was transferred back to Fujian.
In the three years of the Sui Daye Dynasty, in AD 607, Chaozhou became Yi'an County, under Yangzhou, and was returned to Fujian again;
In 621, the Tang Dynasty was returned to Chaozhou;
Tang Zhenguan returned to Fujian for three years in 629 AD and was affiliated with the Fujian Observatory of Jiangnan Road.
Tang Zhenguan ten years, 636 AD, turned into Lingnan Road.
In the second year of Jingyun, in AD 711, it was again transferred to Fujian, and Chaozhou was successively a subordinate to Dudu Fuzhou's House, Jiangnan Road.
Governor of Minzhou and Governor of Fujian. In 742, Chaozhou was renamed Chaoyang County;
In the 10th year Kaiyuan and 751AD, changed from Jiangnan Road to Lingnan Road. In 758, it was renamed Chaozhou;
In 1121, the Song Dynasty established Jieyang County;
In 1279, Chaozhou Street was founded during the Yuan Dynasty;
In 1369, the Chao Dynasty was founded in the Ming Dynasty;
In 1477, the Raoping District was founded;
In 1524, Huilai County was founded;
In 1526, Dapu Regency was founded;
In 1563, Chenghai County and Pu'an County were built;
In 1575, Nan'ao Island began to belong to Fujian and Guangdong, and formed the Deputy Head of South Australia, namely, "Xie Shou Zhangchao and other places in the Deputy Head of South Australia", divided into Guangdong and Fujian. In the twenty-four years of Qing Kangxi (1685 AD), Commander of South Australia was promoted to oversee the military in southern Fujian, Taiwan, and eastern Guangdong, until 1915, the entire island of South Australia was assigned to Guangdong.
In 1576, Nanao (city) was built;
In 1582, Pu'an County was changed to Puning District;
In 1738, the Qing Dynasty began establishing Fengshun County;
In 1858, Chaozhou was established as a commercial port, and the Tongzhi era turned into Shantou as a commercial port, under the jurisdiction of Chenghai County;
In 1912, the Nan'ao Office was changed to Nan'ao County;
In 1914, Chao Chaoyin Yin (in Shantou) was appointed to head the eastern Guangdong Province, and Haiyang was renamed Chaoan;
In 1921, the Shantou City Hall was established and divided with Chenghai.
...
Deposited in Dapu Regency in 1949;
In 1965, Fengshun County was changed to Meixian County;
Becomes an administrative district noun
After the founding of New China in October 1949, the original Shantou Town Hall was re-established and the Chaoshan Special Zone was established.
In January 1953, it merged with Huiyang and Xingmei Prefecture to form the East Guangdong Office, and its headquarters was located in Shantou. In February 1956, the original Huiyang area was separated and the Shantou Special Zone was established. This is the Shantou area. Since then it has changed several times. However, Shantou City is the seat of local or special parties and government organs.
In November 1981, Shantou City allocated a portion of the land to establish the Shantou Special Economic Zone.
In July 1983, a town-merger was undertaken to establish a city-led county system. Shantou has jurisdiction over Chenghai, Nanao, Chaoyang, Jiexi, Puning, Jieyang, Raoping, Huilai eight counties and Chaozhou (district level). This will be officially implemented from November 1, 1991.
On December 22, 1983, the State Council approved the cancellation of Chao'an County, and merged the administrative area of Chaoan County into Chaozhou City.
On January 1, 1989, Chaozhou City was registered as a provincial city, enjoying the city's first-level (prefecture) economic management permit.
On December 7, 1991, the State Council decided that Chaozhou City would be upgraded to a prefecture level city. The original Chaozhou City (county level) will be divided into Xiangqiao District and Chaoan County. With the approval of the State Council on December 7, 1991, several regions were separated from the original Jieyang County to establish Jiedong County, and then the city of Rongcheng County and its surrounding cities merged into the Rongcheng District to establish the prefecture level of Jieyang City. In April 1993, the State Council approved the withdrawal of Puning and Chaoyang from the counties to establish cities (district level);
In April 1994, the state approved Chenghai to leave the county to establish a city (county level).
On January 29, 2003, with the approval of the State Council, Shantou City adjusted its administrative divisions, revoked the Shengping District and Jinyuan District of Shantou City, revoked the Jinping District of Shantou City, revoked the Hepu District and Dahao District of Shantou City and established the Haojiang District of Shantou City; Chaoyang District, Chaoyang District, and Chaonan District, Shantou City were established respectively; Chenghai City at the county level was abolished, and the Chenghai District, Shantou City was established.
On May 1, 2011, the scope of the Shantou Special Economic Zone was expanded to the entire city, covering an area of nearly 9 times.
On December 24, 2012, the State Council approved the opening of the county and the opening of the East District.
On June 28, 2013, the State Council approved Chaoan County to establish a district and establish Chaoan District.
In March 2013, proposals to merge the three Chaoshan cities and upgrade to the sub-province "Chaoshan Special Zone" were submitted to two sessions of the National Committee for discussion.
In March 2014, the National Development and Reform Commission replied that they would investigate its feasibility further.
